mik/;{k egksn;] vxj Hkkjr dh vkfFkZd O;oLFkk dks ge ns[ksa rks ;g dgus esa dksbZ =qfV ugha gksxh fd —f"k ml dk vk/kkj gSA fdlh Hkh ns'k dh lkekftd vkSj vkfFkZd fLFkfr ml ns'k dh Hkwfe dh mRiknu 'kfä ij fuHkZj jgk djrh gSA ;fn Hkwfe dh mRiknu 'kfä esa dksbZ deh gks tkrh gS rks ml ns'k dh vkfFkZd vkSj lkekftd fLFkfr esa Hkh dqN ifjorZu vkjaHk gks tkrk gSA —f"k Hkkjr ds fy, ,d vkfFkZd O;oLFkk gh ugha gS] ;g ,d laL—fr Hkh gSA tks yksx vkanksyu esa fo'okl j[krs gSa budks irk gh gksxk fd ftrus Hkh vkanksyu bl ns'k esa gksrs gSa os lekt ds uke ls] /keZ ds uke ls] tkfr ds uke ls ;k jktuhfr ds uke ls gksrs gSaA ,sls vkanksyuksa esa dksbZ Hkh lekt 'kkfey gks] ysfdu —f"k lekt mlesa 'kkfey ugha gksrk gSA ml vkanksyu ds lkFk —f"k lekt dh lgkuqHkwfr Hkh ugha gksrh gSA blfy, ;fn lHkh ckrksa dks /;ku esa j[kdj ge ns[ksa rks bl ns'k ds fy, vko';d ;g gksxk fd gekjh laL—fr dh j{kk ds fy, vkSj thou ç.kkyh dh j{kk ds fy, —f"k ij fo'ks"k /;ku fn;k tk,A —f"k ds {ks= esa bl o"kZ dkQh çxfr gqbZ gSA ;fn vki 1801 ls 1901 rd dk dky ns[ksa rks vki ns[ksaxs fd gekjs ns'k esa vdky iM+s ftuesa pkj djksM+ yksx ejsA ysfdu vkt gekjs [kk| ea=ky; us ,d lkS #i, eu ds Hkko ij xsgw¡ [kjhndj ,d Hkh vkneh dks ejus ugha fn;k] blds fy, gekjk [kk| ea=ky; c/kkbZ dk ik= gSA ,d ckr eS fo'ks"k :i ls bl volj ij dguk pkgrk gw¡A vktdy ge yksx ekuo 'kfä ij T;knk /;ku u nsdj iw¡th ij T;knk fuHkZj jgus dh dksf'k'k djrs gSaA vkidks ;kn gksxk yxHkx ik¡p n'kd igys esa tkiku dh vkfFkZd O;oLFkk fcxM+ xbZ Fkh] ysfdu ogk¡ ds lkB yk[k dk'rdkjksa us —f"k f'k{kk ds cy ij bruk vukt iSnk djds fn[kyk;k fd vkt os nl djksM+ vknfe;ksa dk ikyu&iks"k.k dj jgs gSaA ogk¡ ij rhl ,sls fo'ofo|ky; gSa ftuesa —f"k dh f'k{kk nh tkrh gS] ftuls 16 gtkj Nk= çfro"kZ f'k{kk çkIr dj ds fudyrs gSaA vkt gekjs ns'k esa i;kZIr —f"k fo'ofo|ky; LFkkfir gks pqds gSA gekjs ns'k dh djksM+ tula[;k dks –f"V esa j[krs gq, tkiku ,d cgqr NksVk&lk jkT; gS] 'kk;n gekjs jktLFkku ls dqN gh cM+k gSA mik/;{k egksn;] ;g Bhd gS fd ge çxfr'khy gS] ysfdu gekjh xfr esa rsth vkuh pkfg,] Je dh rjQ gekjk vf/kd /;ku tkuk pkfg,A tks iapo"khZ; ;kstuk,¡ geus cukbZ gSa muesa gekjk y{; dsoy ;g ugha Fkk fd ge vf/kd vUu iSnk djsa] gekjk y{; ;g Hkh Fkk fd vPNs vkneh iSnk djs] ftlls fd Hkkjr esa jgus okys çR;sd ukxfjd dk Bhd fodkl gksA eS bl ckr ls lger gw¡ fd jkT;ksa esa tgk¡ cgqer ds vk/kkj ij fojks/kh nyksa dh ljdkjsa gSa mudks rksM+us dk vf/kdkj dsaæ dks ugha gksuk pkfg, ysfdu fQj Hkh gesa fLFkfr dks ns[krs gq, Hksn djuk pkfg,A xqtjkr dh ljdkj VwV xbZ] blds fy, gedks vQlksl ugha djuk pkfg,A tgk¡ rd bl fcy dk laca/k gS eSa bldh dfe;ksa dh rjQ vkidk /;ku fnykuk pkgrk gw¡ ftlls fd vkidks mls Bhd djus dh çsj.kk feys vkSj bldks vki Bhd djds ogk¡ dk dke pyk,¡A bldk vk'k; ;g Hkh ugha gS fd tks ikVhZ ljdkj pykrh gS] og lc lgh dke djrh gS] ysfdu fQj Hkh eSa ;g ekurk gw¡ fd tks xqtjkr dh ljdkj VwV xbZ] og vPNh ckr gqbZ gSA xqtjkr ds fy, vkius laln lnL;ksa dh tks lfefr cukbZ gS] og ,d Bhd dne gS] ysfdu bl ckr dk vk'oklu Hkh vkidks nsuk pkfg, fd jkT; vkSj ftyk Lrj ij tks lfefr;k¡ vki cukus tk jgs gSa mudks 0 loZnyh; cuk,¡xs] rkfd turk dh tks dfBukb;k¡ gSa os vkids lkeus çR;{k :i ls vk ldsa vkSj mu dh Hkkouk ds vuqlkj ogk¡ ij dqN dke gks ldsA vxj ,slh O;oLFkk ugha gksxh vkSj ckgj ds yksxksa dks vki mu lfefr;ksa esa j[ksaxs ftudks xqtjkr dh leL;kvksa dk dqN Hkh Kku ugha gS rks ifj.kke ;g gksxk fd vki xqtjkr dh leL;kvksa dks gy ugha dj ldsaxsA blfy, eSa lq>ko nsuk pkgrk gw¡ fd vki blesa ,slh dkuwuh O;oLFkk djsa fd ftlls fofHkUu Lrjksa ij loZnyh; lfefr;k¡ cukbZ tk lds vkSj muds ek/;e ls ljdkj ds lkeus lq>ko vk,¡ fd ogk¡ ij fdl rjg ls dke gksuk pkfg, A xqtjkr vkS|ksfxd ekeyksa esa vU; jkT;ksa ls FkksM+k fHkUu gS] fQj Hkh ogk¡ dh fLFkfr ;g gS fd vkt Hkh çfr O;fä vk; 300 #i, ls vf/kd ugha gSA vkt xqtjkr esa vU; jkT;ksa ds eqdkcys lcls vf/kd dj yxs gq, gSaA ;g mfpr ugha gSA Submit